Added Math Package (#71)

* added math package

* fixed Factorial issue

* fixed Abs issue

* fixed IntBow issue

* Update math/math.go

Co-authored-by: coderabbitai[bot] <136622811+coderabbitai[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Signed-off-by: Kashif Khan <[email protected]>

* updated imports in example

* fixed IntPow 1/0 issue

* fixed GCD issue

---------

Signed-off-by: Kashif Khan <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Kashif Khan <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: coderabbitai[bot] <136622811+coderabbitai[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

Author: 3 people

EXAMPLES.md

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ This document provides practical examples of how to use the library's features.
 9. [Structs](#9-structs)
 10. [Templates](#10-templates)
 11. [URLs](#11-urls)
+12. [Math](#12-math)
 
 ## 1. Boolean
 
@@ -1303,3 +1304,327 @@ if err != nil {
 // Output: bar
 ```
 ---
+
+## 12. Math
+
+## 1. `Abs`
+
+### Calculate the absolute value of a number
+```go
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	utils "github.com/kashifkhan0771/utils/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	fmt.Println(utils.Abs(-5))
+	fmt.Println(utils.Abs(10))
+	fmt.Println(utils.Abs(0))
+}
+```
+#### Output:
+```
+5
+10
+0
+```
+
+---
+
+## 2. `Sign`
+
+### Determine the sign of a number
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	utils "github.com/kashifkhan0771/utils/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	fmt.Println(utils.Sign(15))  // Positive number
+	fmt.Println(utils.Sign(-10)) // Negative number
+	fmt.Println(utils.Sign(0))   // Zero
+}
+```
+#### Output:
+```
+1
+-1
+0
+```
+
+---
+
+## 3. `Min`
+
+### Find the smaller of two numbers
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	utils "github.com/kashifkhan0771/utils/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	fmt.Println(utils.Min(10, 20))
+	fmt.Println(utils.Min(25, 15))
+	fmt.Println(utils.Min(7, 7))
+}
+```
+#### Output:
+```
+10
+15
+7
+```
+
+---
+
+## 4. `Max`
+
+### Find the larger of two numbers
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	utils "github.com/kashifkhan0771/utils/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	fmt.Println(utils.Max(10, 20))
+	fmt.Println(utils.Max(25, 15))
+	fmt.Println(utils.Max(7, 7))
+}
+```
+#### Output:
+```
+20
+25
+7
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5. `Clamp`
+
+### Clamp a value to stay within a range
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	utils "github.com/kashifkhan0771/utils/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	fmt.Println(utils.Clamp(1, 10, 5))  // Value within range
+	fmt.Println(utils.Clamp(1, 10, 0))  // Value below range
+	fmt.Println(utils.Clamp(1, 10, 15)) // Value above range
+}
+```
+#### Output:
+```
+5
+1
+10
+```
+
+---
+
+## 6. `IntPow`
+
+### Compute integer powers
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	utils "github.com/kashifkhan0771/utils/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	fmt.Println(utils.IntPow(2, 3))  // 2^3
+	fmt.Println(utils.IntPow(5, 0))  // 5^0
+	fmt.Println(utils.IntPow(3, 2))  // 3^2
+	fmt.Println(utils.IntPow(2, -3))  // 3^(-3)
+}
+```
+#### Output:
+```
+8
+1
+9
+0.125
+```
+
+---
+
+## 7. `IsEven`
+
+### Check if a number is even
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	utils "github.com/kashifkhan0771/utils/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	fmt.Println(utils.IsEven(8))  // Even number
+	fmt.Println(utils.IsEven(7))  // Odd number
+	fmt.Println(utils.IsEven(0))  // Zero
+}
+```
+#### Output:
+```
+true
+false
+true
+```
+
+---
+
+## 8. `IsOdd`
+
+### Check if a number is odd
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	utils "github.com/kashifkhan0771/utils/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	fmt.Println(utils.IsOdd(7))  // Odd number
+	fmt.Println(utils.IsOdd(8))  // Even number
+	fmt.Println(utils.IsOdd(0))  // Zero
+}
+```
+#### Output:
+```
+true
+false
+false
+```
+
+---
+
+## 9. `Swap`
+
+### Swap two variables
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	utils "github.com/kashifkhan0771/utils/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	x, y := 10, 20
+	utils.Swap(&x, &y)
+	fmt.Println(x, y)
+}
+```
+#### Output:
+```
+20 10
+```
+
+---
+
+## 10. `Factorial`
+
+### Calculate the factorial of a number
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	utils "github.com/kashifkhan0771/utils/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    result, err := utils.Factorial(5)
+    if err != nil {
+        fmt.Printf("%v\n", err)
+    }
+
+    fmt.Println(result)
+}
+```
+#### Output:
+```
+120
+```
+
+---
+
+## 11. `GCD`
+
+### Find the greatest common divisor of two numbers
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	utils "github.com/kashifkhan0771/utils/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	fmt.Println(utils.GCD(12, 18))
+	fmt.Println(utils.GCD(17, 19)) // Prime numbers
+	fmt.Println(utils.GCD(0, 5))   // Zero input
+}
+```
+#### Output:
+```
+6
+1
+5
+```
+
+---
+
+## 12. `LCM`
+
+### Find the least common multiple of two numbers
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	utils "github.com/kashifkhan0771/utils/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	fmt.Println(utils.LCM(4, 6))
+	fmt.Println(utils.LCM(7, 13))  // Prime numbers
+	fmt.Println(utils.LCM(0, 5))   // Zero input
+}
+```
+#### Output:
+```
+12
+91
+0
+```
+---